Product Data Shortcuts

Glossary

Definitions:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Abbreviations       Organizations

I

Image analyzer

A sophisticated microscopic system involving a microscope, a television camera, a dedicated computer, and a viewing monitor similar to a television screen.

Immiscible

Incapable of being mixed without separation of phases. Water and petroleum oil are immiscible under most conditions, although they can be made miscible with the addition of an emulsifier.

In-line filter

A filter assembly in which the inlet, outlet and filter element axes are in a straight line.

Indicator

A device which provides external evidence of sensed phenomena.

Indicator, pressure

An indicator that signals pressure conditions.

Indicator, differential pressure

An indicator which signals the difference in pressure between two points, typically between the upstream and downstream sides of a filter element.

Influent

The fluid entering a component.

Infrared spectroscopy

An analytical method using infrared absorption for assessing the properties of used oil and certain contaminants suspended therein. See FTIR. This method includes measuring the percentage of peaks in the used oil infrared spectrum which match those in the reference oil. A sudden decrease in this value usually means that the oil was mixed with a different type.

Infrared spectra

A graph of infrared energy absorbed at various frequencies in the additive region of the infrared spectrum. The current sample, the reference oil and the previous samples are usually compared.

Ingested contaminants

Environmental contaminant that ingresses due to the action of the system or machine.

Ingression level

Particles added per unit of circulating fluid volume.

Inhibitor

Any substance that slows or prevents such chemical reactions as corrosion or oxidation.

Initial Boiling Point

According to ASTM Method D86, the recorded temperature when the first drop of liquid falls from the end of the condenser.

Ink Oil

Any of the petroleum oils used as carriers for the pigment used in making printing inks.

Insoluble

Material not soluble in pentane or toluene.

Insolubles

Particles of carbon or agglomerates of carbon and other material. Indicates deposition or dispersant drop-out in an engine. Not serious in a compressor or gearbox unless there has been a rapid increase in these particles.

Insulating Oil

An oil used in circuit breakers, switches, transformers, and other electrical apparatus for insulating, and/or cooling. In general, such oils are well-refined petroleum distillates of low volatility, with high resistance to oxidation and sludging.

Intensifier

A device which converts low pressure fluid power into higher pressure fluid power.

Intercooling

Cooling of a gas at a constant pressure between stages in a compressor. It permits reduced work in the compression phase because cooler gas is more easily compressed. Aftercooling is the final cooling following the last compression stage.

Interfacial Tension

The energy per unit area present at the boundary of two immiscible liquids. It is usually expressed in dynes/cm (ASTM Designation D 971.)

Ion

An atom or group of atoms that carries a positive or negative electric charge as a result of having lost or gained one or more electrons.

Isomer

One of two or more compounds, radicals, or ions that contain the same number of atoms of the same elements but differ in structural arrangement and properties.

Isooctane

An isomer of octane (C8H18) having very good anti-knock properties. With a designated octane number of 100, isooctane is used as a standard for determining the octane number of gasolines.

Isothermal

Pertaining to the conduct of a substance or process under the conditions of constant temperature.